Understanding Maternal Awareness and Practices During the First 1,000 Days in Rural Bihar: A Community-Based Study

Abstract

The first 1,000 days of life—from conception to a child’s second birthday—form a critical window in human development. This period influences long-term health, cognitive capacity, and emotional resilience. Despite national policy efforts such as Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK), regional disparities persist in maternal and child health outcomes, especially in states like Bihar. This community-based study surveyed 125 rural mothers- 60 antenatal and 65 postnatal- in East Champaran to examine maternal knowledge, practices, and health-seeking behaviours. Findings revealed widespread gaps in understanding essential antenatal and postnatal care, particularly regarding nutrition, vaccination schedules, breastfeeding, and postpartum hygiene. While awareness of some topics, such as complementary feeding and vaccination, was high due to targeted health messaging, inconsistent practices, reactive healthcare-seeking behaviour, and systemic barriers underscore the need for culturally sensitive and proactive interventions.