Innovative Therapeutics in Neurodegenerative Disease: Current Advances and Future Directions

Abstract

Neurodegenerative disorders, which are marked by gradual degeneration of the neurological system and intricate pathogenic pathways, provide a significant challenge to modern medicine. The focus of this thorough assessment is on innovative therapeutic techniques created between 2020 and 2023, with a particular emphasis on molecular therapies, biologics, and new technologies. The effectiveness of treatment has been greatly increased by recent developments in medication delivery methods, such as brain-targeting tactics and nano-carrier based ideas. The advent of disease-modifying therapies, such as Lecanemab for Alzheimer's disease and new LRRK2 inhibitors for Parkinson's disease, signifies a change in focus from treating symptoms to addressing the underlying cause of the condition. Applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning have expedited the process of finding and developing new drugs, and sophisticated biomarker platforms have made it possible to precisely stratify patients.

Not withstanding these successes, there are still major obstacles to overcome in the areas of cost control, healthcare implementation, and treatment optimization. The shift toward personalized medical methods and the integration of numerous therapeutic modalities for improved treatment outcomes are highlighted in this review, which critically examines recent advancements, cutting-edge technology, and future possibilities in neurodegenerative disease therapies.