A Study of Malaria in Seven States of India: Jammu and Kashmir; Punjab, Uttar Pradesh; Madhya Pradesh; Assam; Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh

Abstract

Background: To the best knowledge of the author, there is no available literature on the status of Malaria in
the Union Territory (U.T.) of Jammu and Kashmir (J & K), the Punjab state of India, Uttar Pradesh,
Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh. Hence the preparation of this document.
Objectives: To find out the parameters of Malaria in the U.T. of J & K, Punjab state of India, Uttar Pradesh,
Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, and Arunachal Pradesh till as recently as possible. Methods: By
studying the documents prepared by the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP), an
internet search, a study of the website of the National Health Mission, Manipur, and a study of the document
titled “National Framework for Malaria Elimination in India 2016-2030” published by the NCVBDC.
Results: Rajouri District in the U.T. of J & K had an Annual Parasite Incidence (API) of Malaria during
2017 of 0.12 which decreased to 0.06 in 2018. It is seen that the API of Malaria in Punjab had come down to
the very low level of 0.02 in 2018 and that there were only 4 cases of Malaria during 2021 (up to 26
th
April
2021). Bareilly district in Uttar Pradesh had a low API of Malaria of 0.06 during 2017 which increased to 7.32
in 2018. Sheopur District of Madhya Pradesh had a very high API of Malaria during 2017 and 2018 of 6.34
and 4.42 respectively. Udalguri district in Assam had an API of Malaria during 2017 of 1.24 which increased
to 2.62 in 2018. Manipur reached zero API in 2018. Arunachal Pradesh used to have a high API of Malaria of
4.30 during 2014 which decreased to 0.39 in 2018. Conclusions: If interventions like the treatment of
asymptomatic carriers take place, it is expected that the API in the U.T. of J & K, Madhya Pradesh, Assam,
and Arunachal Pradesh will come down sooner. Punjab state of India is very close to achieving Malariaelimination
goals.
A
finding
from
the
2019
Malaria
epidemic
in
Uttar
Pradesh
was
that,
out
of
the
74749
cases

of
Malaria
in
the
state, 9690
were
found
to
be
due
to
P.
falciparum.
Although
Manipur
did
not
reach
zero

Malaria
cases
in
2018,
it
did
reach
zero
API
that
year.
Therefore,
it
is a
good
candidate
for
being
the
first
state

or
union
territory
in
the
country
close
to
being
able
to
achieve
near-elimination
goals
since
no
other
state
or

union
territory
achieved
zero
API
in
2018.