Understanding menstrual health and hygiene practices among college-going girls: Evidences from Nagaon, India

Abstract

Adolescence is a significant transitional stage for girls since it is during this stage that noticeable physical growth, psychological and behavioural changes are perceived in them. But it is unfortunate that in many places and in many societies this normal and natural process is considered as dirty, impure and shameful. Moreover, menstruation is associated with various myths, taboos and restrictions. These are undoubtedly unhealthy, and such dogmatic notions leave a negative impact on adolescent girls. Because of these taboos, girls often don’t talk openly about periods and even hesitate to discuss issues related to menstruation with their parents, families and relatives. Consequently, they miss out on important health information. Also, due to inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities, menstruation becomes an unpleasant and irritable experience for them. Educating girls about periods and hygiene is crucial for their health. The present study, therefore, attempts to identify the misconceptions and understandings of adolescent girls and women regarding menstrual health and hygiene in the study area. It also examines the obstacles and difficulties they face in achieving sustainable menstrual wellness and hygiene. The findings highlight significant gaps in menstrual health knowledge and hygiene practices in the study area. A significant number of respondents perceive menstruation as 'dirty,' a belief rooted in pervasive menstrual myths across various Indian states. The state of Assam in India is no exception to this. Such perceptions contribute to the social and cultural exclusion of menstruating women, often subjecting them to restrictive practices and stigmatization. Even though the study is area-specific, the findings of the study have broader implications for improving menstrual health education as well as easy access to menstrual health products. Definitely, a study on menstrual health and hygiene among adolescent girls can serve as the basis for the formulation of policies that are responsive to the specific needs of young girls and women in the region.