The Paradigm Shift in the Role of Nurses: Transforming Mother and Newborn Care through Kangaroo Mother Care – A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is a globally recognized, cost-effective intervention that promotes thermal
regulation, breastfeeding, and bonding in low birth weight (LBW) and preterm infants. Nurses play a pivotal role in
implementing and sustaining KMC practices across healthcare systems. Objective: To systematically review the
literature on the evolving role of nurses in facilitating and transforming maternal and newborn care through KMC.
Methods: This review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed
using databases including PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL for articles published between 2010 and 2024. Search terms
included “kangaroo mother care,” “nursing role,” “newborn care,” and “maternal health.” Studies were included based
on relevance to KMC and the nursing profession's role in its implementation, training, and impact on health outcomes.
Results: A total of 22 studies were included in this review. Findings revealed that nurses are central to KMC initiation,
education, and continuity of care. Their expanded roles include policy advocacy, community outreach, caregiver
training, and inter professional collaboration. Barriers include lack of training, cultural beliefs, and systemic challenges.
Conclusion: Nurses are critical to the paradigm shift in neonatal and maternal care through KMC. Investment in
training, institutional support, and inclusion in policy-making can enhance outcomes and scale KMC across settings.