Prevalence of overweight, obesity and it’s risk factors among Undergraduate Medical students of Government Medical College, Akola, Maharashtra

Abstract

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are increasing public health problems, particularly among young adults. Medical students are exposed to academic stress, sedentary lifestyles, irregular dietary habits, and inadequate physical activity, which may increase the risk of excess body weight. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and their associated risk factors among undergraduate medical students of Government Medical College, Akola. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among undergraduate medical students from December 2022 to May 2023. Using systematic sampling, every third roll number from each academic year was selected, resulting in a sample of 325 students. Data were collected using a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits, and physical activity. BMI was calculated, and overweight and obesity were defined using Asia-Pacific criteria. Data were analysed using Open Epi software. Frequencies and percentages were calculated, and the Chi-square test was applied. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of the 325 students, 55% were males and 45% females, with a mean age of 21.13 ± 1.94 years. The prevalence of overweight was 16.7%, and obesity was 18.5%. Overweight and obesity were significantly higher among students aged 21–25 years and among males. Students who never exercised and those consuming a mixed diet had significantly higher prevalence of excess weight (p < 0.01).Conclusion: A considerable proportion of medical students were overweight or obese. Significant associations were observed with age, sex, physical activity, and dietary pattern. Regular screening and lifestyle interventions are recommended in medical colleges.