Psychological Capital and Well-being: A Review of Integration of Positive Psychology and Intervention Science

Abstract

 Psychological Capital (PsyCap), consisting of hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism (HERO), is gaining recognition as a crucial psychological resource for improving well-being across domains. This paper explores the integration of PsyCap with Positive Psychology and intervention science to promote psychological well-being, with a special focus on its application in educational and organizational contexts. A comprehensive review of empirical studies and theoretical literature was conducted to examine the intersection of PsyCap and well-being. Special emphasis was placed on Psychological Capital Interventions (PCI), including micro, blended, and digital formats, and their outcomes across various settings. The review demonstrated that PsyCap is positively associated with improved psychological functioning, academic performance, and overall well-being. Intervention strategies proved effective in cultivating PsyCap, with the PERMA model providing a relevant framework for aligning outcomes. Notably, a research gap persists in culturally adapting PCI for Indian educational institutions, including gender-specific and regional contexts. PsyCap is a malleable and impactful construct with significant potential for promoting well-being through targeted interventions. Integrating PsyCap training within medical education can enhance resilience and mental health in students. The paper recommends culturally contextualized PCI strategies to harness PsyCap’s full potential, especially in South Indian academic and healthcare settings.